Clinical backgroundEtiology: Human dirofilariasis is caused by Dirofilaria repens (subcutaneous/ocular) and Dirofilaria immitis (pulmonary). Humans are accidental, dead-end hosts. Transmission: Mosquito-borne from infected dogs or wild carnivores. Presentation: 1. D. repens: Subcutaneous or ocular nodules, often painless. 2. D. immitis: Pulmonary “coin lesions,” usually asymptomatic.Lab findings: Peripheral eosinophilia is inconsistent. Serology is unreliable. Imaging may... Continue Reading →
Demystifying Histopathology Techniques: A Step-by-Step Guide for Postgraduates
Histopathology is the cornerstone of diagnostic pathology, offering microscopic insight into disease processes. For postgraduate students stepping into this intricate world, mastering the foundational techniques is essential—not just for exams, but for clinical relevance and research applications. This post walks through the essential steps of tissue processing, embedding, sectioning, and staining, with practical tips and... Continue Reading →
Coloring the Canvas: Essential Stains for Pathology (Part 2)
PAS : Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) stain This is used to stain polysaccharides such as glycogen, mucosubstances like glycoproteins, glycolipids, and mucins in tissues.Here are a few examples of conditions where this stain is utilized: Candida: The budding cells and pseudohyphae stains red / purple. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL): PAS-positive blasts. Multiple Myeloma: PAS-positive cytoplasmic inclusions.... Continue Reading →
Coloring the Canvas : Essential Stains of Pathology (Part 1)
In the realm of pathology, stains are essential tools that bring out the intricate details of tissues and cells, revealing the hidden complexities of the microscopic world. These dyes and chemical agents, each with their unique affinity for different tissue components, enable pathologists to diagnose diseases, study tissue architecture, and understand cellular functions. From the... Continue Reading →